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18th Artillery Division (Wehrmacht)
The 18th Artillery Division ((ドイツ語:18. Artillerie-Division)) was a German artillery division formed during World War II in 1943. Being the first independent mobile artillery force it never raised to its planned strength. The division fought at the Eastern Front, suffered heavy losses and was disbanded in 1944.
==Operational history==
The 18th Artillery Division was formed by combining the staff and some of the remaining corps troops from the 18th Panzer Division, being disbanded on October 1, with other stray units. This division was the first unit planned as an independent and mobile artillery force; and the planned strength for the division was never achieved. A special element of this division was that it had its own (heavy) infantry element, the ''Schützen-Abteilung 88 (tmot)'' (also known as ''Art.-Kampf-Btln. 88'' and ''Art.-Alarm-Abteilung 18''). Having the mission of defending the artillery in all dangerous situations this battalion, thoroughly trained in rear guard actions, saved the division from total destruction no less than three times.
The division was part of the XXXVIII Army Corps in the 1st Panzer Army. It was in action until late March 1944, when it was encircled in the Kamenets-Podolsky pocket. Though it managed to break through it lost all of its heavy equipment. Until November 4, 1944, it was engaged in mostly infantry battles; and due to heavy casualties the division nearly ceased to exist. It was listed as an integral unit for the last time in April 1944 as ''Kampfgruppe 18. Art.Div.''; and was formally disbanded on July 27, 1944. During it months of existence the division sported 8 holders of the German Cross in Gold.
The remaining officers and men from staff and corps troops were used to form the ''Generalkommando Panzerkorps Großdeutschland'' and the artillery regiments were reformed into several independent artillery brigades (''Heeres-Artillerie-Brigade'' 88, 288 and 388).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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